1: What is biological diversity?
The number of species in an area
2: What is a population?
A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area
3: What is a species?
All individuals capable of interbreeding
4: What are the 9 reasons why people value biodiversity?
-Utilitarian
-Public-service
-Ecological
-Theological
-Moral
-Aesthetic
-Recreational
-Spiritual
-Creative
Define the following:
* Genetic Diversity: the total number of genetic characteristics of a specific species, subspecies, or group of species.
* Habitat Diversity: the different kinds of habitats in a given unit.
* Species Diversity: includes Species richness, species evenness, and dominant species
* Species Richness: the number of total species
* Species Evenness: the relative abundance of species
* Dominant Species: the most abundant species
5: What are the 3 main domains of life?
6: What is biological evolution?
The change in in inherited characteristics of a population from generation to generation
7: What causes mutations? Explain how this affects biological diversity.
8: What is natural selection? What are the 4 primary factors involved in natural selection?
-Inherited traits
-Environmental variability
-Differential reproduction
-Influence of the environment
A Closer Look 8.1
Natural Selection: Mosquitos and the Malaria Parasite
1: Discuss the issue with Malaria, Mosquitos and DDT resistance and how this demonstrates natural selection.
Migration and Geographic Isolation
1: How does Darwin’s Finches demonstrate the idea of Adaptive Radiation?
Darwin's Finches demonstrates Adaptive Radiation because the finches that were isolated developed different niches.
2: Define: Genetic Drift
Changes in frequency of gene in population not by mutation, selection, migration but by chance.
3: What is the Founder Effect and how does it demonstrate Genetic Drift?
Founder effect is when a group of individuals are isolated from a larger population. It demonstrates genetic drift, because the small group will have less genetic variability, making them their affected characteristics different by chance.
Biological Evolution as a Strange Kind of Game
In summary, the theory of biological evolution tells us the following about biodiversity:
1:
2:
3:
4:
The Competitive Exclusion Principle
1: Explain how the introduction of the American Gray Squirrel into Great Britain demonstrates the Competitive Exclusion Principle.
Measuring Niches
1: What is an ecological niche?
Set of all environmental conditions under which a species can persist and carry out life functions
2: What is the difference between a fundamental and realized niche?
Symbiosis
1: In ecology, symbiosis describes a relationship between two organisms that is beneficial to both- each partner in symbiosis is called a: symbiont
2: What is an obligate symbiont?
Symbiots than cannot survive without each other.
3: Explain the symbiotic relationship between people and dogs
Dogs being helpful and companionable to humans make dogs very abundant.
Predation and Parasitism
1: Explain how predation and parasitism actually helps increase species diversity in an ecosystem
How Geography and Geology Affect Biological Diversity
1: In general, greater diversity occurs: at lower latitudes
2: What geographic factors affect species biodiversity?
3: How can moderate environmental disturbances increase diversity?
4: How do people affect diversity? Explain.
The number of species in an area
2: What is a population?
A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area
3: What is a species?
All individuals capable of interbreeding
4: What are the 9 reasons why people value biodiversity?
-Utilitarian
-Public-service
-Ecological
-Theological
-Moral
-Aesthetic
-Recreational
-Spiritual
-Creative
Define the following:
* Genetic Diversity: the total number of genetic characteristics of a specific species, subspecies, or group of species.
* Habitat Diversity: the different kinds of habitats in a given unit.
* Species Diversity: includes Species richness, species evenness, and dominant species
* Species Richness: the number of total species
* Species Evenness: the relative abundance of species
* Dominant Species: the most abundant species
5: What are the 3 main domains of life?
6: What is biological evolution?
The change in in inherited characteristics of a population from generation to generation
7: What causes mutations? Explain how this affects biological diversity.
8: What is natural selection? What are the 4 primary factors involved in natural selection?
-Inherited traits
-Environmental variability
-Differential reproduction
-Influence of the environment
A Closer Look 8.1
Natural Selection: Mosquitos and the Malaria Parasite
1: Discuss the issue with Malaria, Mosquitos and DDT resistance and how this demonstrates natural selection.
Migration and Geographic Isolation
1: How does Darwin’s Finches demonstrate the idea of Adaptive Radiation?
Darwin's Finches demonstrates Adaptive Radiation because the finches that were isolated developed different niches.
2: Define: Genetic Drift
Changes in frequency of gene in population not by mutation, selection, migration but by chance.
3: What is the Founder Effect and how does it demonstrate Genetic Drift?
Founder effect is when a group of individuals are isolated from a larger population. It demonstrates genetic drift, because the small group will have less genetic variability, making them their affected characteristics different by chance.
Biological Evolution as a Strange Kind of Game
In summary, the theory of biological evolution tells us the following about biodiversity:
1:
2:
3:
4:
The Competitive Exclusion Principle
1: Explain how the introduction of the American Gray Squirrel into Great Britain demonstrates the Competitive Exclusion Principle.
Measuring Niches
1: What is an ecological niche?
Set of all environmental conditions under which a species can persist and carry out life functions
2: What is the difference between a fundamental and realized niche?
Symbiosis
1: In ecology, symbiosis describes a relationship between two organisms that is beneficial to both- each partner in symbiosis is called a: symbiont
2: What is an obligate symbiont?
Symbiots than cannot survive without each other.
3: Explain the symbiotic relationship between people and dogs
Dogs being helpful and companionable to humans make dogs very abundant.
Predation and Parasitism
1: Explain how predation and parasitism actually helps increase species diversity in an ecosystem
How Geography and Geology Affect Biological Diversity
1: In general, greater diversity occurs: at lower latitudes
2: What geographic factors affect species biodiversity?
3: How can moderate environmental disturbances increase diversity?
4: How do people affect diversity? Explain.
Convergent and Divergent Evolution
1: Define and give an example of each of the following:
* Convergent Evolution
* Divergent Evolution
Invasions, Invasive Species and Island Biogeography
1: What are the 4 main principles in the theory of island biogeography?
2: What is an ecological island?
Study Questions
1: Why do introduced species often become pests?
1: Define and give an example of each of the following:
* Convergent Evolution
* Divergent Evolution
Invasions, Invasive Species and Island Biogeography
1: What are the 4 main principles in the theory of island biogeography?
2: What is an ecological island?
Study Questions
1: Why do introduced species often become pests?